Umwanda mu nganda z’imyenda
● Sun Ruizhe, perezida w’inama y’igihugu y’imyenda n’imyenda y’Ubushinwa, yigeze kuvuga mu nama y’imihindagurikire y’ikirere n’imyambarire mu mwaka wa 2019 ko inganda z’imyenda n’imyenda zabaye inganda za kabiri mu guhumanya isi ku isi, zikurikira kabiri mu nganda za peteroli;
● Dukurikije imibare yaturutse mu ishyirahamwe ry’ubukungu bw’Ubushinwa, toni zigera kuri miliyoni 26 z’imyenda ishaje bajugunywa mu bikoresho by’imyanda mu gihugu cyanjye buri mwaka, kandi iyi mibare iziyongera kugera kuri toni miliyoni 50 nyuma ya 2030;
● Nkurikije ikigereranyo cy’inama nkuru y’imyenda n’imyenda mu Bushinwa, igihugu cyanjye kijugunya imyanda buri mwaka, bingana na toni miliyoni 24 za peteroli.Kugeza ubu, imyenda myinshi ishaje iracyajugunywa imyanda cyangwa gutwikwa, byombi bizatera umwanda ukabije ku bidukikije.
Igisubizo cyibibazo byanduye - bio-fibre
Fibre ya sintetike mumyenda mubusanzwe ikozwe mubikoresho bya peteroli, nka fibre polyester (polyester), fibre polyamide (nylon cyangwa nylon), fibre polyacrylonitrile (fibre acrylic), nibindi.
● Hamwe n'ubwiyongere bw'amikoro ya peteroli no gukangurira abantu kumenya kurengera ibidukikije.Guverinoma nazo zatangiye gufata ingamba zitandukanye zo kugabanya imikoreshereze y’umutungo wa peteroli no gushakisha ibidukikije byangiza ibidukikije bishobora gusimburwa.
Yatewe n’ibura ry’ibikomoka kuri peteroli n’ibibazo by’ibidukikije, ingufu za fibre gakondo zitanga imiti nka Amerika, Umuryango w’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi, n’Ubuyapani zagiye ziva mu musaruro w’imiti isanzwe, kandi zihindukirira fibre zishingiye kuri bio zifite inyungu nyinshi kandi zitagira ingaruka n'ibikoresho cyangwa ibidukikije.
Bio ishingiye kuri polyester ibikoresho (PET / PEF) irashobora gukoreshwa mugukora fibre ishingiye kuri bio kandiuruhu rwa biobased.
Muri raporo iheruka ya “Textile Herald” kuri “Isubiramo n'Iterambere ry'Ikoranabuhanga ku Isi”, hagaragajwe:
● 100% bishingiye kuri bio PET yafashe iyambere mu kwinjira mu nganda z’ibiribwa, nk'ibinyobwa bya Coca-Cola, ibiryo bya Heinz, ndetse no gupakira ibicuruzwa bisukura, kandi byinjiye mu bicuruzwa bya fibre y’ibirango by'imikino bizwi cyane nka Nike ;
Products 100% bio-ishingiye kuri PET cyangwa bio-ishingiye kuri PEF T-shirt ibicuruzwa byagaragaye ku isoko.
Mu gihe abantu bumva ko kurengera ibidukikije bikomeje kwiyongera, ibicuruzwa bishingiye kuri bio bizagira inyungu zihariye mu bijyanye n’ubuvuzi, ibiribwa n’ubuvuzi bifitanye isano rya bugufi n’ubuzima bwa muntu.
Plan Gahunda y’igihugu cyanjye “Gahunda yo Guteza Imbere Inganda (2016-2020)” na “Inganda z’imyenda“ Gahunda y’imyaka cumi n'itanu ”Iterambere ry’ubumenyi n’ikoranabuhanga ryerekanye neza ko icyerekezo gikurikira ari: guteza imbere ibikoresho bishya bishingiye kuri bio kugirango bisimburwe umutungo wa peteroli, kugirango uteze imbere Inganda zo mu nyanja zishingiye kuri fibre.
Fibre ishingiye kuri bio ni iki?
Ib fibre ishingiye kuri bio bivuga fibre ikozwe mubinyabuzima ubwabyo cyangwa ibiyikuramo.Kurugero, fibre acide polylactique (fibre PLA) ikozwe mubikomoka ku buhinzi birimo ibinyamisogwe nk'ibigori, ingano, na beterave isukari, na alginate fibre ikozwe muri algae yijimye.
● Ubu bwoko bwa bio-fibre ntabwo ari icyatsi gusa kandi cyangiza ibidukikije, ariko kandi gifite imikorere myiza kandi yongerewe agaciro.Kurugero, imiterere yubukanishi, ibinyabuzima bishobora kwangirika, kwambara, kudakongoka, kwangiza uruhu, antibacterial, hamwe nubushuhe bwogukoresha ibintu bya fibre ya PLA ntabwo biri munsi yibya fibre gakondo.Alginate fibre ni ibikoresho byiza byo mu rwego rwo hejuru kugirango habeho imyambaro y’ubuvuzi ya hygroscopique cyane, bityo ifite agaciro kihariye mu bijyanye n'ubuvuzi n'ubuzima.nka, dufite guhamagarwa gushyauruhu rwa biobased / uruhu rwa vegan.
Kuki kugerageza ibicuruzwa kubintu bibogamye?
Mugihe abaguzi bagenda bakunda ibidukikije byangiza ibidukikije, umutekano, bio-bikomoka ku bicuruzwa bibisi.Isabwa rya fibre ishingiye kuri bio ku isoko ryimyenda iragenda yiyongera umunsi ku munsi, kandi ni ngombwa guteza imbere ibicuruzwa bikoresha igice kinini cyibikoresho bishingiye kuri bio kugirango bigarure inyungu yambere yimuka ku isoko.Ibicuruzwa bishingiye kuri bio bisaba bio-ishingiye kubicuruzwa haba mubushakashatsi niterambere, kugenzura ubuziranenge cyangwa ibyiciro byo kugurisha.Kwipimisha kubogamye birashobora gufasha ababikora, abagurisha cyangwa abagurisha:
● Ibicuruzwa R&D: Igeragezwa rishingiye kuri bio rikorwa mugikorwa cyo guteza imbere ibicuruzwa bishingiye kuri bio, bishobora gusobanura ibirimo bio bishingiye kubicuruzwa kugirango byoroherezwe gutera imbere;
Control Kugenzura ubuziranenge: Mugihe cyo gukora ibicuruzwa bishingiye kuri bio, ibizamini bishingiye kuri bio birashobora gukorwa kubikoresho byatanzwe kugirango bigenzure neza ubwiza bwibikoresho fatizo;
● Gutezimbere no kwamamaza: Ibirimo bishingiye kuri bio bizaba igikoresho cyiza cyo kwamamaza, gishobora gufasha ibicuruzwa kugirira ikizere abaguzi no gukoresha amahirwe yisoko.
Nigute nshobora kumenya ibinyabuzima bibogamye mubicuruzwa?- Ikizamini cya Carbone 14
Igeragezwa rya Carbone-14 rirashobora gutandukanya neza bio-ishingiye kuri peteroli na chimique ikomoka kubicuruzwa.Kuberako ibinyabuzima bigezweho birimo karubone 14 muburyo bungana na karubone 14 mu kirere, mugihe ibikoresho bya peteroli bitarimo karubone 14.
Niba ibizamini bya bio bishingiye kubicuruzwa ari 100% bio-ishingiye kuri karubone, bivuze ko ibicuruzwa ari bio-soko 100%;niba ibisubizo byikizamini cyibicuruzwa ari 0%, bivuze ko ibicuruzwa byose ari peteroli;niba ibisubizo byikizamini ari 50%, Bivuze ko 50% byibicuruzwa bikomoka ku binyabuzima naho 50% bya karubone bikomoka kuri peteroli.
Ibipimo by'ibizamini by'imyenda birimo ASTM D6866 y'Abanyamerika, Uburayi busanzwe EN 16640, nibindi.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Gashyantare-22-2022