Amahitamo 4 mashya yo gukoresha ibikoresho fatizo bya pulasitiki bishingiye ku binyabuzima: uruhu rw'amafi, ibishyimbo by'imbuto z'amahwa, ibinogo by'imyelayo, isukari y'imboga.
Ku isi yose, amacupa ya pulasitiki miliyari 1.3 agurishwa buri munsi, kandi ayo ni make cyane ya pulasitiki ishingiye kuri peteroli. Ariko, peteroli ni umutungo utagira aho ugarukira, udashobora kuvugururwa. Igiteye impungenge kurushaho ni uko ikoreshwa ry'umutungo kamere wa peteroli rizagira uruhare mu gushyuha kw'isi.
Igishimishije ni uko igisekuru gishya cya pulasitiki ishingiye ku binyabuzima, ikozwe mu bimera ndetse n'amafi, gitangiye kwinjira mu buzima bwacu no mu kazi kacu. Gusimbuza ibikoresho bikomoka kuri peteroli n'ibikoresho bikomoka kuri peteroli ntibyagabanya gusa kwishingikiriza ku mutungo muke wa peteroli, ahubwo byanagabanya umuvuduko w'ubushyuhe bw'isi.
Plastike zishingiye ku binyabuzima zirimo kuturokora intambwe ku yindi mu kajagari k'ibumba rishingiye kuri peteroli!
Nshuti, urabizi? Ibinogo by'imizeti, ibishishwa by'imbuto z'amahwa, uruhu rw'amafi, n'isukari y'ibimera bishobora gukoreshwa mu gukora pulasitiki!
01 Ikiyiko cya Elayo (amavuta ya elayo akomoka ku bimera)
Ikigo cy’ubucuruzi cyo muri Turukiya cyitwa Biolive cyatangiye gukora urukurikirane rw’udupira twa bioplastic dukozwe mu binogo bya elayo, ubundi tuzwi nka bio-based plastics.
Oleuropein, ikintu gikora kiboneka mu mbuto za elayo, ni antioxydant yongerera ubuzima bwa bioplastics mu gihe inatuma ibintu bivangwa n’ifumbire mvaruganda byihutishwa mu gihe cy’umwaka umwe.
Kubera ko uduce twa Biolive dukora nk'uduce twa pulasitiki dushingiye kuri peteroli, dushobora gukoreshwa mu gusimbuza uduce dusanzwe twa pulasitiki tudahungabanyije uruziga rw'umusaruro w'ibicuruzwa by'inganda n'ibipfunyika by'ibiribwa.
02 Ibishishwa by'imbuto z'amahwa
Isosiyete yo mu Budage yitwa Golden Compound yakoze pulasitiki idasanzwe ikozwe mu bimera ikozwe mu bishishwa by'imbuto z'amahwa, yitwa S²PC, kandi ivuga ko ishobora kongera gukoreshwa 100%. Ibishishwa by'imbuto z'amahwa, nk'umusaruro ukomoka ku gucukura amavuta, bishobora kuvugwa ko ari umugezi uhoraho.
S²PC bioplastics ikoreshwa mu bintu bitandukanye, kuva ku bikoresho byo mu biro kugeza ku gutwara ibintu bishobora kongera gukoreshwa, amasanduku yo kubikamo ibintu n'amasanduku.
Ibikoresho bya Golden Compound bya bioplastic birimo kapsule za kawa zibora, inkono z'indabyo n'ibikombe bya kawa byatsindiye ibihembo kandi bya mbere ku isi.
03 Uruhu rw'ifi n'ibikanka
Gahunda yo mu Bwongereza yitwa MarinaTex irimo gukoresha uruhu rw'amafi n'ibishishwa bivanze n'ibishishwa by'umukara mu gukora plastiki zishingiye ku bimera zishobora gusimbura plastiki zikoreshwa rimwe gusa nk'imifuka y'imigati n'ibishishwa byo gupfunyikamo sandwich, kandi byitezwe ko izafasha mu guhangana na toni miliyoni imwe z'amafi akorerwa mu Bwongereza buri mwaka.
04 Isukari y'ibimera
Avantium ifite icyicaro i Amsterdam yateguye ikoranabuhanga rigezweho rya "YXY" rihindura isukari ikomoka ku bimera mu bikoresho bishya byo gupakira bishobora kubora - ethylene furandicarboxylate (PEF).
Ibikoresho byakoreshejwe mu gukora imyenda, amafilimi, kandi bishobora kuba ibikoresho by'ingenzi byo gupfunyikamo ibinyobwa bidasembuye, amazi, ibinyobwa bisindisha n'imitobe, kandi byafatanyije n'ibigo nka Carlsberg guteza imbere amacupa y'inzoga "ashingiye ku binyabuzima 100%.
Gukoresha plastiki ishingiye ku binyabuzima ni ngombwa
Ubushakashatsi bwagaragaje ko ibikoresho by’ibinyabuzima bigize 1% gusa by’umusaruro wose wa pulasitiki, mu gihe ibikoresho bya pulasitiki gakondo byose bikomoka ku binyabutabire bya peteroli. Kugira ngo tugabanye ingaruka mbi ku bidukikije zo gukoresha umutungo kamere wa peteroli, ni ngombwa gukoresha pulasitiki ikomoka ku bintu bishobora kongera gukoreshwa (inyamaswa n’ibimera).
Hamwe n’ishyirwaho ry’amategeko n’amabwiriza ku pulasitiki zishingiye ku binyabuzima mu bihugu by’i Burayi na Amerika, ndetse no gutangaza itegeko ribuza pulasitiki mu turere dutandukanye tw’igihugu. Ikoreshwa rya pulasitiki zishingiye ku binyabuzima naryo rizarushaho kugenzurwa no gukwirakwira hose.
Icyemezo mpuzamahanga cy'ibicuruzwa bishingiye ku binyabuzima
Plastike zishingiye ku binyabuzima ni bumwe mu bwoko bw'ibicuruzwa bishingiye ku binyabuzima, bityo ibimenyetso by'ubuziranenge bikoreshwa ku bicuruzwa bishingiye ku binyabuzima nabyo bikoreshwa ku binyabuzima.
Ikimenyetso cya USDA Bio-Priority cya USDA, UL 9798 Ikimenyetso cyo kwemeza ibikubiye muri Bio, OK Biobased ya Belgian TÜV AUSTRIA Group, Ubudage DIN-Geprüft Biobased na I'm Green ya Brazil Braskem Company, ibi bice bine birageragezwa kugira ngo harebwe ibikubiye muri bio. Mu murongo wa mbere, havugwa ko uburyo bwa karuboni 14 bukoreshwa mu kumenya ibikubiye muri bio.
Ikimenyetso cya USDA Bio-Priority Label na UL 9798 Bio-based Content Verification Mark bizagaragaza neza ijanisha ry'ibirimo bishingiye ku binyabuzima ku kirango; mu gihe ibirango bya OK Bio-based na DIN-Geprüft Bio-based bigaragaza urwego rw'ibirimo bishingiye ku binyabuzima ku bicuruzwa; ibirango bya I' m Green bikoreshwa n'abakiriya ba Braskem Corporation gusa.
Ugereranyije na pulasitiki gakondo, pulasitiki zishingiye ku binyabuzima zibanda gusa ku gice cy’ibikoresho fatizo, hanyuma zigahitamo ibice bikomoka ku binyabuzima kugira ngo bisimbuze umutungo kamere wa peteroli urimo kubura. Niba ugishaka kuzuza ibisabwa n’itegeko rigenga pulasitiki ririho ubu, ugomba gutangirira ku miterere y’ibikoresho kugira ngo yubahirize imiterere y’ibintu bishobora kubora.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Gashyantare-17-2022
