Uruhu rw'imboga rwa Mashroom

Uruhu rw'ibihumyo rwazanye inyungu nziza cyane. Uyu mwenda ushingiye ku bihumyo watangiye ku mugaragaro ufite amazina akomeye nka Adidas, Lululemon, Stella McCarthy na Tommy Hilfiger ku bikapu, inkweto zo mu bwoko bwa sneakers, imitako ya yoga, ndetse n'ipantaro ikozwe mu ruhu rw'ibihumyo.
Amakuru aheruka gutangwa na Grand View Research agaragaza ko isoko ry’imyambarire y’abarya ibikomoka ku bimera ryari rifite agaciro ka miliyari 396.3 z’amadolari mu 2019 kandi biteganijwe ko riziyongera ku kigero cya 14%.
Impushya zigezweho zo gukoresha uruhu rw'ibihumyo ni Mercedes-Benz. VISION EQXX yayo ni imodoka nshya igezweho y'amashanyarazi ifite imbere mu ruhu rw'ibihumyo.
Gorden Wagener, umuyobozi mukuru w’ishami rya Mercedes-Benz, yavuze ko ikoreshwa ry’uruhu rw’inyamaswa rukomoka ku bimera nk’ “uburambe butuma umuntu arushaho kwishima”, bigatuma inyamaswa zitakaza ubwiza mu gihe zitanga isura nziza.
Wagner yagize ati: “Batwereka inzira y’imbere mu gushushanya ibintu by’akataraboneka mu buryo bukoresha umutungo mwinshi.” Ubwiza bwayo bwanahesheje amanota menshi abayobozi mu nganda.
Uburyo uruhu rw'ibihumyo rukorwamo ubwarwo ni ubuziranenge ku bidukikije. Rukozwe mu mizi y'ibihumyo byitwa mycelium. Mycelium ntikura gusa mu byumweru bike, ahubwo inakoresha ingufu nke cyane kuko idasaba izuba cyangwa kugaburira.
Kugira ngo bihinduke uruhu rw'ibihumyo, mycelium ikura ku bintu by'umwimerere nka sawdust, binyuze mu buryo bw'ibinyabuzima karemano, kugira ngo ikore agace gakomeye gasa kandi kameze nk'uruhu.
Uruhu rw'ibihumyo rumaze gukundwa muri Brezili. Nk’uko ubushakashatsi buherutse gukorwa na stand.earth bubigaragaza, ibigo birenga 100 bikomeye by’imideli byohereza mu mahanga ibicuruzwa by’uruhu byo muri Brezili bivuye mu bworozi bw’inka zimaze imyaka makumyabiri zitema ishyamba ry’ishyamba rya Amazon.
Sonia Guajajara, umuhuzabikorwa mukuru w’ishyirahamwe ry’abaturage kavukire bo muri Brezili (APIB), yavuze ko ibikomoka ku bimera nk’uruhu rw’ibihumyo bikuraho ikintu cya politiki gishyigikira aborozi mu kurinda amashyamba. Yagize ati: “Inganda zigura ibi bicuruzwa ubu zishobora guhitamo uruhande rwiza.”
Mu myaka itanu ishize ubwo buvumbuzi bwakozwe, inganda z’impu z’ibihumyo zakuruye abashoramari bakomeye ndetse na bamwe mu bashushanya imideli bazwi cyane.
Umwaka ushize, Patrick Thomas, wahoze ari Umuyobozi Mukuru wa Hermes International, uzwi ku isi hose kubera kwibanda ku ruhu rw'akataraboneka, na Ian Bickley, perezida w'ikirango cy'imideli Coach, bombi binjiye muri Mycoworks, imwe mu nganda ebyiri zo muri Amerika zikora uruhu rw'ibihumyo. Iyi sosiyete ifite icyicaro muri California iherutse kubona inkunga ya miliyoni 125 z'amadolari y'Amerika iturutse ku bigo by'ishoramari ku isi, harimo na Prime Movers Lab, izwiho gutera inkunga iterambere rikomeye mu ikoranabuhanga.
Mu itangazo ryashyizwe ahagaragara, David Siminoff, umufatanyabikorwa mukuru w’iyi sosiyete, yagize ati: “Amahirwe ni menshi cyane, kandi twizera ko ubwiza bw’ibicuruzwa butagereranywa hamwe n’uburyo bwo gukora ibintu buzwi kandi bushobora kwaguka, bituma MycoWorks iba inkingi y’impinduka mu bikoresho bishya.”
Mycoworks irimo gukoresha inkunga yayo mu kubaka inyubako nshya mu Karere ka Union, muri Carolina y'Epfo, aho iteganya guhinga uruhu rw'ibihumyo rwa metero kare miliyoni.
Bolt Threads, indi sosiyete ikora uruhu rw'ibihumyo muri Amerika, yashinze ihuriro ry'ibigo byinshi binini mu myenda kugira ngo bikore ubwoko butandukanye bw'uruhu rw'ibihumyo, harimo na Adidas, iherutse gufatanya n'iyi sosiyete kuvugurura uruhu rwayo rukunzwe cyane ikoresheje uruhu rw'ibimera. Ikaze Stan Smith inkweto z'uruhu. Iyi sosiyete iherutse kugura ubuhinzi bw'ibihumyo mu Buholandi inatangira gukora uruhu rw'ibihumyo ku bufatanye n'uruganda rw'uruhu rw'ibihumyo rw'i Burayi.
Fibre2Fashion, ikigo mpuzamahanga gikurikirana imyambarire y’imyenda, giherutse kwemeza ko uruhu rw’ibihumyo rushobora kuboneka vuba mu bicuruzwa byinshi bicuruzwa. “Vuba aha, tugomba kubona amasakoshi agezweho, amakoti y’amagare, inkweto ndende n’ibikoresho by’uruhu rw’ibihumyo mu maduka hirya no hino ku isi,” nk’uko byanditswe mu bushakashatsi bwacyo.